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William H. Johnson (died 1883)〔''Obituary: Mr. W. H. Johnson'', Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography New Monthly Series, Vol. 5, No. 5 (May, 1883), pp. 291-293. Published by: The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1800115.〕 was a British surveyor active in the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia, who became Governor of Ladakh. ==Life== Johnson was born and educated in India, and joined the Great Trigonometric Survey, where he was trained by Andrew Scott Waugh.〔''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society'' vol. 11 (1867) pp. 6–7;(archive.org. )〕 From 1851 he was second-in-command to Thomas George Montgomerie in the Kashmir Survey.〔(Michael Ward, ''The Survey of India and the Pundits'' (1999), Himalayan Journal 55. )〕 At Leh in Ladakh in 1865, Johnson received an invitation from the Khan of Khotan to journey there; and on his own initiative went. This journey made his reputation as a traveller. He reported on it to the BAAS in 1866, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in the same year.〔''Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London'', Vol. 10, No. 5 (1865 - 1866), pp. 175-177. Published by: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers). Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1799593〕 But the unauthorized journey met with official disapproval; and he resigned from the Survey the following year. Part of his legacy was the "Johnson line", or "Ardagh–Johnson line", a proposed northern boundary for Ladakh and Kashmir running through the Aksai Chin. It was later endorsed by Sir John Ardagh. It assumed later importance in the Sino-Indian border dispute, after China had occupied Tibet. Johnson took up a position for the Maharajah of Kashmir and Jammu, properly that of ''Wazir-wazirat'' in Ladakh. It had been held previously by the British geologist Frederick Drew; the title is also given as vizier or governor. He used it to facilitate the third covert journey of Nain Singh Rawat into Tibet. Johnson died in Jammu, believing he had been poisoned.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Johnson (surveyor)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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